@article{ author = {Monsef, V and Asadi, P and MalekiZiabari, SM}, title = {Investigating Time Period and Associated Factors in Delivering Emergency Services Guilan (1390-1392)}, abstract ={Abstract Introduction: Natural disasters have always blocked countries’ civil and socioeconomic development and are considered as the main reason of delay in providing victims with proper medical care. Moreover, such disasters are one of the notable causes of injuries. Objective: The time of visiting patients is a considerable factor in evaluating performance of pre-hospitalization emergency services. Thus, the paper aims to investigate time period and associated factors in providing emergency services. Materials and Methods: The case series, cross-sectional research studies 141 winter accidents assisted by Guilan 115 Emergency Services from 2011 to 2013. Research variables include average time it takes for an ambulance to reach patients and associated factors such as gender, age, type of accident, status of injured individuals, station name and month in which the accident occurred. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: 94 patients (66.7 %) were males. The majority of patients (21.3 %) were in the age group of 30-39 years. The most common winter events was Carbon monoxide gas poisoning [79 cases (56 %)]. Due to heavy snowfall in 2011 and 2013, other incidents also occurred that back injuries was the most common (11 men (11.7 %) and 4 women (8.5 %)). The mean time of arriving to incident site in urban and road accidents was 8 and 6 minutes respectively. Overall, 114 cases (80.8 %) were hospitalized, 5 patients (3.5 %) were outpatients and 22 cases (15.6 %) were died. The most common months of winter events was February with 91 cases (64.5 %). Conclusion: The time of arriving to incident site of Guilan EMS in urban and extra -urban roads was satisfactory in comparing to the standard value.}, Keywords = {Emergency Medical Services, Natural Disasters, Prehospital Emergecy Care}, volume = {24}, Number = {95}, pages = {1-6}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1034-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1034-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Shakerinia, I}, title = {The Relationship Between Sleep Status and Internet Use Among College Students}, abstract ={Abstract Introduction: Internet can cause sleep problems and injury to students. Delayed sleep, having insufficient sleep and fatigue caused by it, may causing damage to the physical and psychological health of the students. Objective: Investigateion of the relationship between sleep and the use of the Internet in the science faculty of humanities, University of Guilan. Materials and Methods: Approach of this study was cross- sectional, in this study, Sleep status and number of hours of use of Internet, in 189 students (90 male students and 99 female students) was evaluated, the study was performed tow Questionnaires 1-Demographic Questionnaire and 2- Sleep Disorder Questionnaire(Ali Mohammadi, Dadkhah, and Mowla'ii (1388). The data were analyzed with correlation, regression, t-test for independent samples and ANOVA. The analysis was conducted with software SPSS-17. Results: The results showed that there is difference the number of hours of Internet use between male and female students(Male students spend more time using the Internet) and this difference was statistically significant(p<0/001). There is difference between Male and female students in terms of sleep and its components (sleep onset and sleep continuity) and this difference was statistically significant (p<0/001). Time using the Internet, Discipline(Law, Persian literature, English literature and management), and gender, can predicted Student's sleep status. Conclusions: The findings, have emphasized previous studies, and approved importance of hours of use of the Internet and its role in sleep disorders.}, Keywords = {Internet, Sleep, students}, volume = {24}, Number = {95}, pages = {7-15}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1035-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1035-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Karambin, MM and Heidarzadeh, A and Norouzi, H}, title = {Total Serum Magnesium Level in Icteric Neonates before and after Phototherapy in Patients Admitted to 17 Shahrivar Hospital, Rasht, 2012-2013}, abstract ={Abstract Introduction: Jaundice is one of the most common findings in medical examination and treatment in neonates. Given the lack of information about the total level of magnesium in neonates and its relationship with neonatal bilirubin levels in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, this study aimed to compare the total magnesium levels before and after phototherapy in hyperbilirubinemia in neonates. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study, 65 neonates with jaundice hospitalized at the 17 Shahrivar hospital of Rasht from September 2011 to September 2012 were evaluated. Inclusion criteria included age less than 4 weeks, indirect hyperbilirubinemia, direct bilirubin less than 1.5 mg/dL, absence of congenital metabolic disorders, no evidence of neonatal sepsis and not receiving magnesium sulfate in mothers. Included neonates with total bilirubin above 20 mg/dL, underwent phototherapy with 12 Lamps. The magnesium level was assessed before phototherapy and 24 hours after it. Demographic data including age, gender, gestational age, neonate age at the jaundice imitation, duration of jaundice, weight at admission and the data were recorded and analyzed using statistical software SPSS version 19. Results: The mean age of neonates was 6.15± 3.78 days about two-thirds of them were less than 5 days old and 56.9 % were male. Mean weight of neonates was 3221.5 ± 442.5 grams and majority of them were born with gestational age of 38 weeks. The mean total bilirubin level was 21.48 ± 1.67 mg/dL and it was equal or less than 22 mg/dL in 73.8 % of neonates. The mean magnesium level before phototherapy (2.07 ± 0.33) was significantly greater than that after it (1.81 ± 0.27) (P<0.0001) and a significant relationship was also seen (P<0.05) among age, gender, total bilirubin levels, duration of jaundice, age of jaundice imitation and birth weight. Conclusion: This study showed that the mean magnesium level after phototherapy was significantly lower than that before phototherapy. It is also suggestive of further research with focus on the etiology of hyperbilirubinemia.}, Keywords = {Infant, Jaundice, Neonatal, Magnesium, Phototherapy}, volume = {24}, Number = {95}, pages = {16-23}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1040-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1040-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Saneei, M and Esmaillzadeh, A and HassanzadehKeshteli, A and Saneei, P and Savabi, O and Adibi, P}, title = {Association Between Tooth Loss and Functional Dyspepsia and Gastro-Intestinal Reflex in Adults, Isfahan}, abstract ={Abstract Introduction: Few studies have assessed the relationship between tooth loss and upper gastro-intestinal (GI) disorders including functional dyspepsia (FD) and gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD). Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dental status and FD, its components and GERD among a large group of Iranian adults. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study on 4109 Isfahanian adults, dental status was evaluated and participants were categorized into three main groups: those with full dentition, individuals who had lost 1-5 teeth and those who had lost >5 teeth. FD, its components (early satiation, postprandial fullness and epigastric pain) and GERD were defined using Rome III criteria. The relationship between dental status and gastrointestinal disorders was examined using logistic regression in different models and P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, we found no significant association between dental status, FD and GERD. However, individuals who had lost 1-5 teeth and >5 teeth had 1.34 and 2.09 times the risk of early satiation, respectively. In addition, individuals who had lost 1-5 teeth were 1.24 times more likely to have postprandial fullness and epigastric pain. Stratified analyses by gender also revealed a significant association between dental status and GERD as well as FD in females such that those who had lost 1-5 teeth had 1.33 times the chance for GERD and those who had lost >5 teeth were 2.01 times more likely to have FD, compared with those with full dentition. Conclusion: We found significant positive associations between tooth loss, GERD and FD in women, but not in men. We also found significant relationships between tooth loss and components of FD, especially early satiety in whole population.}, Keywords = {Dyspepsia,Esophageal Reflux, Gastroesophagel Reflux, Mastication, Tooth Loss}, volume = {24}, Number = {95}, pages = {24-33}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1041-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1041-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Sharami, SH and Milani, F and Zahiri, Z and DalilHeirati, SF}, title = {Association Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) with Glucose Metabolism}, abstract ={Abstract Introduction: Given the early stages of developing insulin resistance, most patients are asymptomatic, controlling glucose tolerance test in high risk patients such as those with PCOS can serve as a useful diagnostic test. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between polycystic ovary syndrome and glucose metabolism in the participating patients from Rasht, northern Iran. Materials and Methods: This case- control study was conducted on 159 patients, aged 35-15 years old with PCOS and 53 healthy women. Age, weight and height were recorded for all patients. Fasting and 2-hour glucose after oral ingestion of 75 g glucose were measured in all patients. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results: The two groups did not differ in age and body mass index. The two groups showed no significant difference in mean fasting blood glucose, whereas in patients with PCOS the 2-hour glucose levels, were significantly higher than that in normal counterparts and significant differences were observed between the two groups. As revealed, in 6 (7/3 %) cases, fasting blood sugar higher than 125 and in 6 patients (9/4 %), the two-hour blood glucose levels were above 200 Conclusions: PCOS patients are more at risk of developing glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes. So screening for impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes seems necessary.}, Keywords = {Blood Glucose, Polycystic Ovary Syndrom }, volume = {24}, Number = {95}, pages = {34-39}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1042-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1042-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Joukar, F and Heidarzadeh, A and Asgharnezhad, M and Soltanipour, S and Jalali, MM and Moradi, M}, title = {Evaluation of Clinical Trial Abstracts of Scientific Journal Using the CONSORT Checklist}, abstract ={Abstract Introduction: The report of the research results should be effectively, quickly and easily accessible to others. The most important type of medical studies in order to answer medical questions is Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). Therefore, proper design and accurate reporting are particularly important. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the published Iranian Journals abstracts using clinical list of CONSORT (taken criteria to report trials) in 2010. Materials and Methods: Eighty-eight RCT Abstracts Between 2011-2012 from 47 Journals of Iran University of Medical Sciences were evaluated in a descriptive study by two independent assessors through the CONSORT checklist which was included (referring to randomized term in the article title, full mentioning of the corresponding author details, explaining the participants selection criteria and place of data collection criteria, mentioning the applied intervention, determining the specific targets or assumptions, primary outcome expression, referring to the type of blinding, mentioning the number of participants in each group, The conditions of trials and follow-up, analysis of the number of participants in each group in terms of the primary outcome, referring to the preliminary results of the study, significant adverse events and side effects, final applied conclusion, mentioning the registration number of the clinical trial, introducing the source of the funding). Obvious referring to each case is considered as yes and any ambiguity or lack of report is considered as no. the Yes and No cases were rated by one and zero. Also, the percentage of each case was calculated as the sum of pointing Abstracts to it Than 88. A final score was given from the 18 available items in the clinical List of CONSORT abstracts to each article. The ratio of the trials which were reported each cases appropriately was calculated with the 95% confidence intervals. Results: None of the articles mentioned all of the clinical list items completely. The maximum and minimum of the achieved scores by articles from 18 items of the clinical were, 14(%95 CI 62-100) and 5(95%CI9-60). Thirteen reported trials (14.8%) were at least <50% of the items, fifty-two articles (59.1%) were within 50–60% and twenty-three (26.1%) of them were more than 60%. About a third of cases were reported less than 20% of clinical List which were contained: mentioning the type of trial design in the title (4.5%), mentioning the number of participants in the study analysis (4.5%), recommendations of the important adverse events and side effects (6.8%), the Funding resource (9.1%), mentioning the randomization method (13.6%) and Referring to the random term in the article title (17.1%). Conclusion: The necessity of compelling the criteria at the time of writing and reviewing RCT articles will be promoted according to the results of this research. Therefore, the emphasis of the journals to the authors and reviewers based on the compliance of these criteria in reporting trials is imperative.}, Keywords = {Consort Checklist, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research}, volume = {24}, Number = {95}, pages = {40-51}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1043-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1043-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Hassanzadeh, M and Frhoudinejad, A and Yousefzadeh, SH}, title = {Using Data Mining Techniques to Extract Clinical Disorders Affecting Mortality in Trauma Patients}, abstract ={Abstract Introduction: Trauma is one of the most common causes of death in the world, which often occurs as a result of road accidents. Prompt identification of patients with acute injury, leads to take the appropriate medical actions and thus, save lives and also avoid enormous cost of treatment. Objective: Finding the best data mining algorithms to identify clinical disorders resulting in death in trauma patients Materials and Methods: 1,073 trauma patients hospitalized in Poursina Hospital in Rasht with their 52 recorded clinical conditions (features) have been analyzed in this research. In order to automatically identify emergency cases, a number of classification algorithms have been modified for the task, such as decision tree, K-nearest neighbor, and neural network methods. These algorithms have been trained over a wide range of features and their performance has been investigated using 10-fold cross validation. Results: Totally, 82.8% (888) of the surveyed patients were male and17.2% (185) were female. 22.1% died, most of them (30%) in the first week after their hospitalization and 23.6% on the first day. No significant relationship has been found between the duration of hospitalization and mortality. Among the classification algorithms, decision tree and k-nearest were able to recognize death cases with higher precision, (i.e. 91% and 89%, respectively). In order to find effective factors on training a better Decision Tree classifier, the Best First algorithm was used which then selected and could identify 18 effective features (of 52 initial features). Conclusion: Given the high accuracy of some data mining algorithms, like Decision Tree algorithm, we are able to differentiate severe trauma cases which may lead to death from those with mild injuries. Hence, their application to predict mortality in trauma patients and identify those at life risk can be investigated in real environment.}, Keywords = {Data Mining, Mortality, Trauma}, volume = {24}, Number = {95}, pages = {52-62}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1044-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1044-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Seifi-skishahr, F and Damirchi, A and Farjaminezhad, M and Babaei, P}, title = {The Comparison Of Different Levels Physical Activity Of On Oxidative Stress Markers Of Plasma And Rbcs In Men}, abstract ={Abstract Introduction: The concentrations of aminothiols in plasma and red blood cells (RBC) are used as an oxidative stress and health markers, respectively. The level of physical activity is an important factor affecting individual health by changing the power of antioxidant defense system. Objective: This study was designed to compare the role of different levels of physical activities on plasma and RBCs reduced glutathione (GSH) to oxidized glutathione (GSSG), cysteine (CYS) to cystine (CYSS) ratio in in male adults. Materials and Methods: Thirty voluntary male subjects with high-level (HL), moderate- level (ML) and low-level (LL) of physical activity were randomly divided into three groups in this cross-sectional study. The levels of GSH, GSSG in plasma and RBCs, and (CYS), (CYSS) in plasma and also serum level of creatine kinase (CK) were measured. Results: The highest plasma and RBCs levels of GSH/GSSG and also plasma level of CYS/CYSS were detected in ML group. The RBCs level of GSH/GSSG in the men from HL group was lower than that in ML group. The serum levels of creatin kinase did not show any significant difference between groups. Conclusion: According to the results, the level of physical activity of individuals determines the redox status of plasma and RBCs. Individuals with moderate level of physical activity showed high level of redox status, however, the high and low level of physical activity showed poor level of redox. This study suggests that both groups of individuals with high and low level of physical activity lifestyle might be predisposed to diseases due to increased stress oxidative.}, Keywords = {Amins, Health, Motor Activity, Oxidative Stress }, volume = {24}, Number = {95}, pages = {63-72}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1045-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1045-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Alizadeh, Y and Hashemian, H and Khoshbakht, M and Soltanimoghaddam, R and Mohammadi, MJ and Tavakoli, N}, title = {Practice of Pediatricians About Screening Criteria of Retinopathy of Prematurity}, abstract ={Abstract Introduction: Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) potentially leads to blindness and low vision in small but significant percentage of infants. Timely referral of the high risk infants is critical to diagnose and treat advanced stages of the disease. Objective: Evaluation of practice of Guilan province pediatricians about screening criteria for ROP. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study, Guilan province pediatricians practice about screening criteria for ROP have been evaluated by face to face method (using a questionnaire). Results: 78 Cases (78.8%)of the pediatricians participated in this study. 40 Cases (51.3%) considered prematurity alone as the sufficient criterion to refer infant for ROP screening. 38 pediatricians (48.7%) declared one or more risk factors to refer infant for ROP screening. About the appropriate time for screening,7 pediatricians (9%) voted for immediately after birth ,15(19.2%) immediately after hospital discharge, 34 (44.6%) end of 4 weeks of birth,7 (9%) at the end of second months of age, and 8 (10.3%) after 2 months of age. only 21 (26.9%) pediatricians referred infants to the pediatric ophthalmologists or fellow of retina. 69 (88.5%) pediatricians requested for written reports of eye examination of which 47 cases (68.1%) recorded the written reports in medical records of the patients. Data analyzed by using chi-square and fisher exact test. Conclusion: it seems that upgrading of pediatricians practice helps for early diagnosis and treatment of infants at risk of ROP.}, Keywords = {Neonatal Screening, Referral and Consultation, Retinopathy of Prematurity}, volume = {24}, Number = {95}, pages = {73-80}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1046-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1046-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {2015} }