@article{ author = {Abdollahi, M and Jelali, N and Ahmadpoor, R}, title = {Determination of Blood Levels of Carbamazepine (CBZ) in Patients and Poisoned Individuals and the Study of Its Relation with clinical and Laboratory Signs}, abstract ={ABSTRACT: Our proposed method for determination of carbamazepine (CBZ) is spectrophotometric assay. This method is based on the catalytic rearrangement of CBZ to 9-methyl acridine ,and the absorbance was measured at 258 nm against a reagent blank. A turnaround time of 40 min makes this method well suited for emergency cases. Precision, sensitivity and recovery of this method are all suitable. CBZ overdose was confirmed in 32 patients admitted to hospitalization from 8 April until 10 July 1996. These patients had a mean age of 22 years and 34% were Known epileptics.All patients had attempted suicide. They ingested a mean of 3 gr CBZ, with 70% of cases involving coingested other drugs. The clinical manifestations of toxicity formed a recognisable clinical picture of diminished conscious state(100% of patients ),nystagmus and diplopia (71.8%) ataxia(62.5%) abnormal deep tendon reflexes(31.2%) and mydriasis(15.8%).62% showed hyponatremia and 43.7% had transient evidence of hepatic dysfunction .Determination of serum CBZ level in these patients by spectrophotometric method was predictive of toxicity. Our results indicate that determintion of CBZ in plasma has valuable effects on patients treatment, or indication for hemoperfusion and also for prognosis.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {16}, pages = {1-9}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1873-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1873-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {1996} } @article{ author = {Ansar, M.M and Rezazadeh, M}, title = {Embroyonic Development of Hand Palate in RATS}, abstract ={ABSTRACT: In order to study the development of the hard palate, 31 rat embryos were sacrified at daily intervals from 13 to 19 days of gestation .Embryos' heads were sectioned serially and stained with H.E, trichrome masson's paraldehyde fuchsin. SEIT The results were as follow: 1- The palatal shelves were observed in the medial side of the maxillary processes as two bulged prominence on 13 days of gestation . 2-Those two palatal shelves were in vertical position on 14-15 th days of gestation. Epithelial thickness was homogeneous on either side of the shelves and showed continuous membrane.I door 3- Invasion of vascular mesenchymal tissue was prominent in relation to the mechanism of palatal shelves elevation ,but there was no evidence of elastic fiber and smooth muscles. 4- On 16 th day of gestation, epithelial thickness of palatal shelves was thinner and basement membrane at the side of two palatal fusion was interrupted . There was no evidence of epithelial dead cell in fusion zone.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {16}, pages = {10-16}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1874-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1874-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {1996} } @article{ author = {Nazari, N}, title = {A Survey of Prevalence of intestinal parasitic diseases in patients referred to Special clinic of Kermanshah university of Medical sciences (1990-1995)}, abstract ={ABSTRACT: THe prevalence of intestinal parasites in stool specimens studied during (1990 - 1995) were assessed by formalin -ether concentration technique and light microscopy. 3 Specimens from each of 23123 patients were examined .Patients were detected in 45.7% of all stool samples. Releative frequeies of different parasites were:Ascaris lumbricoides (3.4%), Trichuris trichiura (0.9%),Hymenolepis nana (2/3%), Taenia sp.(0.18%) „Blastocystis hominis (12.3%).Entamoeba histolytica (4.5%), Giardia lamblia(18.2%), Entamoeba coli (12.7%) Iodamoeba butschlii(5.2%). The greatest prevalence of parasites was observed in children under the age of 12 years and the most common pathogenic intestinal protozoa was Giardia lamblia.  }, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {16}, pages = {17-20}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1875-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1875-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {1996} } @article{ author = {Gazor., R}, title = {Influence of weight stress on the inclination angle of femure in the weightlifters}, abstract ={ABSTRACT: Radiographic techniques were used to determine the incliniation angle i.e. the angle between the neck and shaft of the femor(S/N angle )in weightlifters and nonathletes of two age groups Under 21 years (Group 1)and above 21 years(Group 2). Statistical methods were used for analyzing the data obtained by the radiographic techniques . The results showed that the physiologic response against the Stress due to weight lifting through bone formation was significantly high.As a result,the density and diameter , and inclination angle of femor in weightlifters were higher than those in nonathletes .A marked increase in the diameter of the shaft of the femor in weightlifting in the younger group was higher than that in the older group}, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {16}, pages = {21-27}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1876-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1876-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {1996} } @article{ author = {KHODAEIANI, E and ABBASI, N}, title = {A survey of skin Tuberculosis in 120 patients in HAFTOM -TIR Hospital,Tabriz.}, abstract ={ABSTRACT: In this paper,a Survey was carried out on Clinical presentations,age ,sex and skin lesions in 120 patients with skin tuberculosis. The criteria for diagnosis were clinical signs.pathologic and laboratory examinations. The disease was more prevalent in females (64%) than in males.21% of the cases were in the age group of 11-20 years.75% of the clinical cases were lupus vulgaris and the face was the most prevalent site (41.7%) in terms of presentation of the disease. Almost 95% of the patients had positive PPD tests and the biopsy of the skin lesions in 92% was granuloma due to Tuberculosis. Meanwhile the majority of the patients were from rural and sub.urban areas.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {16}, pages = {28-35}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1877-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1877-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {1996} } @article{ author = {Saber, A}, title = {A Report of 118 Cases of Emergency Surgical Treatment for Duodenal Ulcer Bleeding : Oversewing plus Vagotomy and Gastric Resection}, abstract ={ABSTRACT: The best method for surgical treatment of typical duodenal ulcer has not been recognized. In this report, 118 patients were randomly selected and then studied by two surgical methods : (1)Oversewing plus vagotomy and drainage (O+V) and (2) Gastric Resection (GR)associated with the removal of the ulcer. The ratios of postoperative bleeding recurrence, duodenal leakage and the mortality rate were compared .Out of 118 patients, 58 people were operated by O+V method and 60 people by GR method. The rate of bleeding recurrence,duodenal leak and death in the O+V were :17%,3% and 22% respectively, compared with the corresponding rates in the GR method which were: 3%,13% and 23% respectively. The total mortality rate in both methods was 27(13 in O+V and 14 in GR).Of these 27, 15 patients died postoperatively, but their death was not due to the surgical procedures. The cause of their death was related to the underlying and risk factors.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {16}, pages = {36-39}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1878-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1878-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {1996} } @article{ author = {NAGHAVI, M.A}, title = {A SURVEY of 100 Children with Hematuria in Hefdah-Shahriver Hospital ,RASHT within 1992 -1994}, abstract ={ABSTRACT: According to a definition presence of 5 or more of red blood cells(RBC) in a microscopic field of freshly centrifuged urine is called HEMATURIA .It is seen in different diseases of urinary tract , congenital abnormalities , tumors ,infectious diseases, renal calculi ,trauma „systemic and hemic diseases and complications due to drug use ,and etc.Hematuria may be obvious or microscopic . Obvious hematuria may stem from kidney. In this case ,urine color is brown or like the color of date juice and may contain red cell casts . Furthermore , hematuria may originate from the lower urinary tract . In this situation ,urine color is pinkish red .In a study Carried out in Hefdah - sharivar Hospital ,Rasht' a descriptive method on 100 children with hematuria , it was found that Urinary Tract Infection (37%) was the highest cause of hematuria and post - streptococus Glumerulo Nephritis (P.S.G.N) (36%) ranked in second place .Following these two main and important causes were: nephrotic syndrom ,Schonlein - Henoch purpura ,stone ,acute renal failure, tumor ,trauma ,Hemolytic Uremic Syn(H.U.S) and D.I.C respectively. In terms of sex ,there was no significant difference 51% /49%=boys/girls, but in view of age, the highest Prevalence was at the range of childhood(56%).}, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {16}, pages = {40-42}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1879-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1879-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {1996} } @article{ author = {Golchay, J and Mirshekari, R}, title = {A Case Report of Hand -foot and Mouth Disease}, abstract ={ABSTRACT: Hand -foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a clinical syndrome caused by any entero virus and clinicaly manifested by vesiculo-ulcerative lesions in the mouth and often by painful vesicular lesions on the hands and feet.The disease may be preceded by a prodrome of 12-24 hours characterized by low grade fever ,malaise ,and abdominal pain or respiratory symptoms after an incubation period of 5-7 days .HFMD is selflimited and lesions heal without Scarring in 7-10 days The diagnosis of HFMD is usually made on clinical basis ,and histopathological Virological and serological Studies .No Specific treatment for HFMD is required and therapy is mainly symptomatic. In this article we present a 5 year old girl who is presented with typical Vesicular lesions in the mouth and extremities followed by a brief prodromal period and is limited in two weeks without any complications.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {16}, pages = {43-46}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1880-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1880-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {1996} } @article{ author = {Kohsari, M.R and Borhani, M}, title = {DRASH SYNDROME AND ITS FIRST CASE REPORT IN IRAN}, abstract ={ABSTRACT: DRASH Syndrome is a rare congenital disorder,and the triad of drash syndrome are progressive renal insufficiency ,male pseudohermaphroditism & Wilms tumor .All of the reported cases were sporadic and autosomal dominant inheritance was suspected in some references. We diagnosed a 32- month child with this syndrome in IRAN in 1993. He was presented with wilms tumor and also had male pseudohermaphroditism and renal insufficiency. The patient died due to fluid & electrolyte disturbance .His parents had consanguinity marriage and thus there is a possibility of autosomal recessive inheritance. In this patient , the age for onset of nephropathy was higher than that in similar cases.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {16}, pages = {47-51}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1881-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1881-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {1996} } @article{ author = {}, title = {}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {16}, pages = {52-55}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1882-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1882-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {1996} } @article{ author = {}, title = {}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {16}, pages = {56-57}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1883-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1883-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {1996} } @article{ author = {}, title = {}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {16}, pages = {58-59}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1884-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1884-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {1996} } @article{ author = {Ashkevari, SH and Mansouri-e-Ghiasi, M and Darjani, A}, title = {boleh dibahas thes, con la calle Av Lichen planus in Guilan province teles Bad Bun g Evaluation of 110 cases}, abstract ={ABSTRACT: Lichen planus,an unique autoimmune papulosquamous disease is seen in all parts of the world and in all ethnical groups with many clinical types ,patterns and configurations . Prevalence of some types of disease and age „sex ratio of it has shown differnces geographically. In an attempt to detect a clear picture of disease in Guilan province ,assessments of 110 cases both clinically and histologically showed female predominance (54/5% to 45/5%) and 45% of all cases were of 40-60 years old age . In the fifth decade ,prevalence of disease in females was a half of that in males and in the sixth decade ,2/5 times more than males. There was no disease in the first decade of life . Extremities were the first site of eruption in 78% of the cases , and the lower extremities were the first site in 49% of the cases ,and bucal mucousa was the first site in 4/5% of the cases and the only site of involvement in 3% of patients. Legs ,wrists and abdomen were the most commom sites of involvement with lichen planus lesions (91%-86/4%-53/7%).Papules and plaques were the most common manifestations of disease „seen in 96/3% and 69% of patients and the lowest of all were of actinic and pigmented types (0/9% and 0/9%). There was also seasonal variation in prevalence of lichen planus in our study,with the highest rate in summer and the lowest rate in spring.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {18}, pages = {1-6}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1936-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1936-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {1996} } @article{ author = {Ali-NezhadZanjani, Z and Mohaghgheghpoor, N}, title = {Influence of Severe Protien Deficiency on Immunological Memory Responses in Mice}, abstract ={ABSTRACT: The effect of protein deficiency on the immune response upon primary and secondary stimulation with 5×108 sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was studied in 4 groups of mice fed by diets containing 4 or 21 percent of protein.Primary and secondary immune response were assessed by quantification of direct and indirect plaque forming cells (PFC) in immune spleens and by titration of serum hemagglutinins. Dietary protein restriction did not inhibit the capacity of these mice to elicit memory response to SRBC ,but in contrast with control groups it markedly showed decrease of IgG response in protein deficient mice during both primary and Secondary response. Some mechanisms which may explain the differences are the effect of protein restriction on the switching IgM producing cells to IgG and effect on B cells and T cells or Cooperating in the immune response and regulatory function.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {18}, pages = {7-11}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1937-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1937-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {1996} } @article{ author = {Forghanparast, K and Najafi, A.R}, title = {A Survey on the susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from wound infections of burned in-patients at Kerman Emergency Hospital ,1372 Hejira}, abstract ={ABSTRACT: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the main gram negative organisms causing hospital acquired infections and the special pattern of resistance to antimicrobial agents emphasizes the significance of this organism in such infections. In 1372 Hejira , one hundred specimens were collected from burned in - patients of the Kerman emergency hospital (Savaneh Sukhtegi ) ,and cultured for bacteriological investigation . 68% of the specimens harboured Pseudomonas aeruginosa Antibiotic susceptibility testing by the disk diffusion technique showed that the organisms isolated had the following susceptibility rates for the antibiotics tested .Amikacin 71.4% Gentamycin 17% ,Tetracyclin 10% carbenicillin and Tobramycin 8% Streptomycin 5.2% Chloramphemicol 3% and Kanamycin 1% .All isolates were found resistant to Ampicillin and Erythromycin . These results suggest the necessity of culture and antibiograms prior to antimicrobial treatment of infection following thermal injuries.Local patterns of antimicrobial susceptibility should influence the initial choice of antibiotic agents while the susceptibility profile of the isolate from a particular case should dictate definitive antibiotic therapy.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {18}, pages = {12-16}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1938-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1938-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {1996} } @article{ author = {}, title = {}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {18}, pages = {17-21}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1939-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1939-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {1996} } @article{ author = {Shokohi., T}, title = {Survey of Candida Vulvovaginitis in Outpatients Referred to Gynecology- Obstetrics Clinics of Sari.(1993 - 94)}, abstract ={ABSTRACT: Candida Vulvovaginitis is one of the most common infections of women . 20-30 percent of vulvovaginal infection with severe pruritis are caused by candida Approximaterly 75 percent of women will eventually acquire this infection in their lives. In the period of 1993-94, a total OF 1015 women were chosen in random from outpatients. The vaginal discharge specimens were taken by swab and examined for existence of yeast . Data about clinical and pelvic examination findings color ,consistency and odour of discharges were collected by observation and data about factors including age, method of contraception ,the recent use of antibiotics and the presence of diabetes were collected by questionaire . The results indicates 20.7 percent of outpatients infected with Candida, 17.5 percent of women who were pregnant ,21.2 percent of those who were on oral contraceptive ,25 percent of women who had diabetes and 18.4 percent of women who had recently taken antibiotics had developed Candida vulvovaginitis. This survey has shown no correlation between above factors and candida vulvovaginitis . Among Vaginal symptoms only pruritis ,burning and white vaginal discharge have shown significant relation .Among yeast isolates 80.9 percent of isolates were C.albicans ,followed by C. glabrata and other species of candida had less frequency .Since azole antifungal agents do not adequately eradicate non- albicans species , rapid clinical resistance has emerged in c. glabrata before choosing the drug regimen. Direct microscopy examination and culture must be carried out. The recognition of yeast specificantion helps to select the effective treatment accurately.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {18}, pages = {22-27}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1940-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1940-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {1996} } @article{ author = {Sey.yedJavadi, H}, title = {COMPARISON OF LOWER THIRD MOLAR POSITON IN PATIENTS WITH SKELETAL CII ,CI II AND CL III}, abstract ={ABSTRACT: It's been more than a century that third molar has drown the attention of orthodontists . This attention has been based on two main reasons: 1- The probable role of third molar in making late crowding or Recrowding of lower anterior teeth 2- Evaluation of causative factors and prediction of impaction of this tooth and orthodontic 's help to prevention of problems caused by this tooth. This study is about : 1- The comparsion of axial inclination and Space for eruption of lower third molar in 3 skeletal groups CL 1,CL II,CL III . 2- The probable affect of body length, ant-post position,vertical position of lower jaw in position of third molar. This study just has been done on lower third molar . 12 patient with skeletal cl I ,12 patient with skeletal cl III, 12 patient with skeletal CL II have been chosen ,that in all of them SNA angle was in the normal range . The age of these patients have been 17 ,18 years old. They had not crowding ,spacing , supernumerary missing ,extraction in lower jaw. They had all permanent teeth in lower jaw specially third molar .All of them had Lat. cephalogram, O.P.G. and study model. From cephalogram ,SNA ,SNB,ANB ,Facial angle „Mand .plane angle, GoFn -SN,Gonial angle , Y axis angle ,also the distances Go-Pog , Ar -Pog, Ramus width have been measured . (as descriptive variables). Also distance of Xi point to distal of lower second molar and distance of ant. border of ramus to the distal of lower first molar from cephalogram and axial inclination of third molar in relation to second molar in both left and right from O.P.G. have been measured. (as answer variables). Statistical relationship of descriptive variables with answer variables were evaluated and the following results have been noted: 1- The axial inclination of third molar in 3 skeletal groups had not significant differences. 2- The distance of Xi point to the distal of lower second molar only in cl I group had significant difference while that in other groups had not significant differences. 3-The body Length of lower jaw (Go-pog) has been reconized as most important factor in impaction of third molar. In other words as the distance decreases ,probability of impation increases. 4. The ant .post. position of lower jaw had not significant relationship with impaction of third molar. 5- The vertical position of lower jaw had opposite relationship with impaction. In other words as the amount of skeletal deep bite increases the probability of impaction also increases.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {18}, pages = {28-37}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1941-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1941-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {1996} } @article{ author = {}, title = {}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {18}, pages = {38-39}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1942-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1942-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {1996} } @article{ author = {}, title = {}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {18}, pages = {40-44}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1943-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1943-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {1996} } @article{ author = {}, title = {}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {18}, pages = {45-57}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1944-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1944-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {1996} } @article{ author = {}, title = {}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {}, volume = {5}, Number = {18}, pages = {58-60}, publisher = {}, url = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1945-en.html}, eprint = {http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-1945-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2383-4307}, eissn = {2423-4818}, year = {1996} }