2024-03-29T09:31:37+03:30 http://journal.gums.ac.ir/browse.php?mag_id=1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
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Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences JGUMS 2383-4307 2423-4818 10.32598 2013 22 86 Aberrations and Apoptosis Induced in the Leukocytes of Hemoglobin H Disease Individuals after Irradiation Alireza Tarang a_tarang@hotmail.com Introduction: Alpha thalassemia is a set of hereditary anemia, which occurs frequently not only in the countries of the Mediterranean seacoast but also in the tropics and subtropics of the world including South East Asia and southern Iran. The -thalassemia can be generally categorized as: silent -thalassemia carrier, -thalassemia carrier, hemoglobin H disease, and -thalassemia major (hydrops fetalis). Objective: To study the effects of ionizing radiation on apoptosis and aberration induction in the leukocytes of hemoglobin H disease sufferers, compared to normal controls. Materials and Methods: Peripheral blood samples were obtained by venopuncture from ten healthy volunteers and ten Hb H patients.Blood samples were divided into two parts with one exposed to 3 Gy gamma rays generated from a 60Co source and the other without any irradiation. The blood samples were either immediately used for the comet assay or left in 37 ºC CO2 incubator for 48 hours in RPMI-1640 medium. Chromosome analyses were carried out exclusively on first division metaphases. For all samples, 70 metaphases were observed. Obtained data were statistically analyzed using SPSS (version 15) software. Results: Results showed that the frequency of spontaneous aberration was similar in all the study groups. In normal individuals, in all the chromosomes except chromosome 1, a random distribution of break points proportional to their lengths based on their DNA content was observed. In hemoglobin H disease individuals, in all the chromosomes, a random distribution of break points proportional to their lengths based on their DNA content was observed. Results showed that the frequency of apoptosis in the leukocytes of freshly drawn blood of Hb H patients was significantly higher than that in the controls. Incubation of non irradiated samples in culture medium and CO2 incubator at 37 ºC for 48 hours greatly increased the frequency of apoptosis in all the samples. However, the frequency of apoptosis in Hb H patients was significantly higher than that in the controls. Irradiated samples kept for 48 hours in incubator prior to processing for comet assay, showed higher frequency of apoptosis, compared to non irradiated conterparts. Conclusion: We can conclude that among the -thalassemia patients those with HbH disease might be considered as radiosensitive in terms of apoptosis formation. Alpha- Thalassemia Apoptosis Chromsome Abberrations Comet Assay Hemoglobin H Metaphase Radiation 2013 7 01 1 11 http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-24-en.pdf
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Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences JGUMS 2383-4307 2423-4818 10.32598 2013 22 86 Scientific Research Output of Faculty Members of Guilan University of Medical Sciences using the Hirsch Index (h Index) and m Parameter by the End of 2012 Azari-Hamidian azari@gums.ac.ir Introduction: One of the most important methods for the quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the research output of the scholars, research centers and academic units is through the Hirsch index (h index) and m parameter. The indices are used to determine the efficiency, significance and rank of a team of researchers including those in the department, college, university or elsewhere across the nation. Objective: To evaluate the research output of the faculty members of Guilan University of Medical Sciences using the Hirsch index and m parameter. Materials and Methods: The present survey is descriptive and conducted on the population consisting of all faculty members of Guilan University of Medical Sciences (355 scholars), according to 1391 (2012) census. The main data including the Hirsch index and scientific age were retrieved from Scopus and the m parameter was calculated for each individual. Data analysis was carried out using software SPSS (version 17.0). Results: For the studied population, the overall mean of the Hirsch index and m parameter were 0.59 and 0.09, respectively. The faculty members of School of Health showed the highest mean Hirsch index 0.91 and the highest mean m parameter 0.15 among the schools. The means of Hirsch index for full professor, associate professor, assistant professor and lecturer were 3.71, 1.52, 0.51, and 0.04, respectively, and 0.42 0.24, 0.09 and 0.01, for the m parameter. Department of Social Medicine showed the highest mean Hirsch index of 2.50 among the departments of School of Medicine. The highest absolute Hirsch index of 10 belonged to a faculty member of Department of Internal Medicine at the School of Medicine. The highest absolute m parameter was calculated to be 1.00 for a faculty member of Department of Urology at the School of Medicine. Based on the Hirsch index, significant differences were observed among the ranks of faculty members, the schools, and the departments of the School of Medicine (P<0.05). There was no significant difference among the faculty members in terms of gender and subject area (clinical and basic) (P>0.05). Conclusion: The average research output of faculty members of Guilan University of Medical Sciences based on the Hirsch index and m parameter, in comparison with the available domestic and international investigations, is at a lower level either in quantitative or qualitative (citations). Some suggestions for the improvement of these indices are presented. Abstracting and Indexing as Topic Evaluation Studies Faculty Scientometrics 2013 7 01 12 23 http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-25-en.pdf
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Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences JGUMS 2383-4307 2423-4818 10.32598 2013 22 86 Study Models and Some Other Parameters in Medical Residential Theses Alia Saberi Saba Fakhrieh Asl sfakhrieh@yahoo.com Shadman Nemati Abtin Heydarzadeh Elham Mansourian Introduction: Most of research projects are in the form of theses and an important part of assessing their research values is based on the type of study chosen and conducted. This survey aims to evaluate the medical residents’ theses at Guilan University of Medical Sciences in terms of methodology and other research components. Objective: To determine the frequency of study types adopted in medical residents’ theses Materials and Methods: In this retrospective-descriptive study, 101 medical theses from April 2005 to March 2009 have been assessed in terms of type of study, the research design, acceptance in the domestic and foreign journals and congresses. Results: Of the 101 of theses, descriptive studies account for 52 theses (5/51%), analysis of patients 43 patients (6/42%), and evaluation of diagnostic tests 6 theses (9/5%). A total of 68.3% of the manuscripts were published in journals (41.6% in national journals, 5% in foreign journals and 11.9% in both). The lowest number of publications was in 2006 (12.8%) and the highest was in 2009 (24.6%). A total of 47.5% of the manuscripts were presented at congresses (30.7% in national congresses, 13/9% in foreign journals and 12.9% in both). The lowest publication rate was in 2006 (12.8%) and the higheat in 2005 and 2009 (22.9%). Conclusion: It seems that, until the year 2009, the theses had a growing trend in the number, publication in journals, presentations at congresses and the preference for analytical studies. Academic Dissertations Investigative Techniques Residency Medical 2013 7 01 24 31 http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-26-en.pdf
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Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences JGUMS 2383-4307 2423-4818 10.32598 2013 22 86 Evaluation of Post- Tracheostomy Care Status in Hospitals of Rasht Shadman Nemati R Banan E Kazem Nezhad H Movahedi F Bakhshi fbakhshi@gums.ac.ir F Taravat Introduction: Tracheostomy is one of the most common surgical procedures performed on the patients with airway obstruction. The outcome and respective complications depend on postoperative orders and care. The complications are very important, common, but preventable. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate post- tracheostomy care status in Rasht hospitals in 2010 and 2011. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 96 patients who have undergone tracheostomy in Rasht educational hospitals in 2010-11. Initially, the data consisting of demographic characteristics, tracheostomy tube selection and surgical procedures, postoperative orders and performed orders by nurses (on the bases of observations of researcher) were collected by a questionnaire. Then, they were analyzed by frequency tests on SPSS 17 software. Results: From 96 patients, 77 patients were male (80.2%) and the rest were female (9.8%), and the average age of men was 53.60+ 18.68 and for women 39.50 + 17.77 years. The most common indication of tracheostomy was prolonged intubation (58.9%). Also, 7 cases (7.3%) had complicated tracheostomy. In 78 adult patients, tube was not of adequate standard size (in men: 9 mm and women: 7.5-8 mm), but it was standard in children (6.3% from overall patients). Administration of wet oxygen, antibiotics and using cuffed tubes were standard in all cases, usage of cold steam (83.3%), adequate pressure of cuff (55.20%), hyperventilation before suctioning, (49%) tube size of tracheostomy (15.8%), change of dressing (47.91%) and frequency deflection of tube cuffs (44.78%) were not standard. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that post tracheostomy care in educational hospitals in Rasht was not performed on standard bases, and serious attention on the part of respective authorities is needed. postoperative care Tracheostomy 2013 7 01 32 39 http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-27-en.pdf
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Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences JGUMS 2383-4307 2423-4818 10.32598 2013 22 86 Comparison of Papsmear Adequacy with either Ayre Spatula and Cervix Brush in Patients Referred to Private Medical Office ziba Zahiri Sorouri obgyn1388@yahoo.com mandana Mansour-Ghanaie obgyn1388@yahoo.com zahra Atrkar Roushan mana Mahdavifar obgyn1388@yahoo.com SM Mosavi obgyn1388@yahoo.com Introduction: Cervical carcinoma continues to be a significant health care problem worldwide. In developing countries, where health care resources are limited, cervical carcinoma is the second most frequent cause of cancer death in women. Pap smear test is used for screening cancer and preinvasive disease. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare pap smear adequacy with either Ayrespatula and Cervixbrush in the patients referred to a private medical office. Materials and Methods: In this clinical-trial study, 400 patients who required pap smear test were included.The patients were divided into two groups, in one group ayrespatula and in the other cervixbrush was performed with blocked randomized method. All pap smears were evaluated with Bethesda system by a pathologist. The data adequacy, inadequacy, reason for unsatisfaction, parity and menopausal status were obtained and analysed using spss ver.16 and chi-square(x2) test. Results: Adequacy of ayrespatula was 83% and adequacy of cervixbrush 88% (p=0.156). In nulipar women, adequacy of ayrespatula was 70% and adequqacy of cervixbrush 94.87% (p=0.04). In multipar women, adequacy of ayrespatula was 86.25% and adequqacy of cervixbrush 86.34% (p=0.982).In premenopausal women, adequacy of ayrespatula was 83.54% and adequacy of cervixbrush 90.48% (p=0.06). In menopausal women, adequacy of ayrespatula was 80.56% and adequacy of cervixbrush 75% (p=0.581). Most frequent cause of unsatisfactory pap smear in ayrespatula and cervixbrush was inadequate squamous cell representation. Conclusion: Overall, adequacy of cervixbrush is similar to that of ayrespatula but adequacy of cervixbrush in nulipar women is higher than that of ayrespatula. More studies with larger sample size to achieve best results are recommended. : Uterine Cervical Neoplasms Vaginal smears-methods 2013 7 01 40 45 http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-28-en.pdf
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Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences JGUMS 2383-4307 2423-4818 10.32598 2013 22 86 Comparison of Balance in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder with and without Developmental Coordination Disorder M Koosha m-kousha@gums.ac.ir A Norasteh Ghandriz Introduction: Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity - impulsivity behavior. ADHD is frequently accompanied by Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). Motor coordination is a complex performance of interaction between visual perceptual, neuromuscular coordination, memory, attention and balance. One of the most important part of motor coordination is static and dynamic balance. Objective: To assess the balance in children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder with and without developmental coordination disorder and normal children. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive comparative study, from a total of 45 male children aged 9-7 years, 30 referrals to both public and private psychiatry outpatient centers were non-randomly selected. Also, 15 normal children were selected from elementary schools students in Rasht, northern Iran. Diagnostic criteria by clinical interview based on DSM-IV criteria were performed by child and adolescent psychiatrists. Static balance was assessed by stork modified test and dynamic balance by the heel and toe walking test. Data were analyzed using SPSS-16.0 software. To determine statistically significant differences in the three groups, ANNOVA test was used. P value=0.05 was considered significant. Results: Children with ADHD with and without DCD showed poor static and dynamic balance, compared with normal children (P<0.05). Static balance in ADHD children with and without DCD was not significant but dynamic balance in ADHD + DCD group was lower. Conclusions: ADHD children with and without DCD have poor balance than normal children. Simultaneous presence of DCD and ADHD may make dynamic balance deficit more severe in children with ADHD. developmental coordination disorder attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Static balance Dynamic balance 2013 7 01 46 52 http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-29-en.pdf
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Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences JGUMS 2383-4307 2423-4818 10.32598 2013 22 86 Relationship between Mercury in 6-11 years Aged Children’s Hair and Fish Consumption Nnarjse Okati narjse_okati@yahoo.com A Esmaili sari Introduction: Mercury is the most toxic metal that causes environmental pollution and is harmful to human health. Objective: understanding more about mercury exposure and necessity to monitor this element,in order to prevent nerve system demage in children living in Caspian Sea coastal regions. Materials and Methods: In this study, mercury content of hair in 74 children (6-11 years old) and the influencing factors such as age, sex, fish consumption and living place were assessed. The mercury in the hair was measured by LECO AMA 254 Advanced Mercury Analyzer (USA), according to ASTM, standard NO.D-6722. ListenRead phonetically Results: The mean of concentration of mercury in children’s hair was found to be 1.46±0.62 (μg g-1). The results showed that the fish consumption by children (p=0.00) significantly affected the content of mercury in the hair of subjects. Other factors had no effect on the mercury content of children’s hair. Conclusion: The mean mercury concentration in children’s hair was higher than the reference dose of mercury recommended by USEPA and it was lower than threshold level of WHO. Mercury level was higher than the USEPA reference dose (1μg g-1) in 81% of the samples and it was more than the WHO ‘Normal’ level (2 μg g-1) in 16% of the samples. Since consumption of mercury contaminated fish can increase the mercury content of children’s hair, consumption of less contaminated fish is recommended. Child Fishes Hair Mercury 2013 7 01 53 60 http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-31-en.pdf
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Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences JGUMS 2383-4307 2423-4818 10.32598 2013 22 86 Association between Nursing and Midwifery Students’ Learning Styles and their Academic Achievements, Based on Kolb\'s Model R Farmanbar T Hosseinzadeh hosseinzadeh@gums.ac.ir M Asadpoor M Yeganeh Introduction: In a successful educational system, learning styles of students are always considered as an influencing factor on learning and educational progress. Knowledge of students learning styles will help teachers to develop an appropriate educational plan in order to gain an optimal educational efficacy. Objective: Determine the Association between Nursing and Midwifery Students’ Learning Styles and their Academic Achievements, Based on Kolb's Model Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 176 nursing and midwifery students in Shahid Beheshti School of Nursing and Midwifery, were selected by census and completing standard questionnaire of Kolb's Learning Styles .The average grade of all students was considered as indicators of their Educational progress. We used K2 test, t- test and Pearson's correlation to assess determining power of changeable variables of learning in Educational progress. Results: The average of learning style indicates that priorities of learning style in all students were convergent (35.5±6.7) and assimilator (35.2±6.5). There wasn’t a significant difference between two groups of students. The average grade of nursing students was(15.46±1.6)and midwifery students was(14.81±6.1).There wasn’t a significant difference between learning styles and Educational progress of respective students. Conclusion: Since the majority of students had convergent and assimilator learning styles, it is recommended to apply Learning Environments proportionate to these styles such as emphasis on practical application of the topics and encouraging students to pursue problems analysis in their leaning habits. Educational Status Learning Students 2013 7 01 60 68 http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-32-en.pdf
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Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences JGUMS 2383-4307 2423-4818 10.32598 2013 22 86 Assocation of Admission Glucose Level and Adverse Cardiac Event in Patient with Acute Myocardial Infarction B Shad F Mirbolouk J Kheirkhah F Mirrazeghi Dr.mirrazeghi@gmail.com N Tabarzan Introduction: Among various risk factors of ischemic heart diseases, Diabetes mellitus is associated with high risk of coronary heart disease and risk of mortality and cardiac complications is elevated in diabetic patients admitted with acute Myocardial Infarction (MI). Also recent surveys have indicated that admission blood glucose is associated with worse prognosis. objective: To investigate the association between admission glucose level and cardiac events (arrhythmia, acute heart failure, cardiogenic shock and death) in the patients with acute MI and determine the range of glucose level which is more prognostic for cardiac events. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was done on 255 patients with acute MI. Blood samples were taken for blood glucose, cardiac troponin I (CTPI), LDL, and HbA1C in the admission.patients were stratified to three groups on the basis of admission glucose :<=140 mg/dl, 140-200mg/dl, >=200mg/dl .They were followed for adverse cardiac events during hospitalization up to five days. The results were analyzed by SPSS v18 and Chi-Square test. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: Totally, 255 sequential patients admitted for acute MI (179 males and 76 females) with the mean (SD) age of 66 ± 10 years old entered the study. The mean (SD) admission blood glucose level was 177.8 ± 91 mg/dl. There was a significant association between blood glucose levels and the incidence of adverse cardiac events such as death, arrhythmia, cardiogenic shock and acute heart failure (P=0.0001, P= 0.003, P= 0.0001, P= 0.0001, respectively). The relationship between Hb A1c and adverse cardiac events (death, arrhythmia, cardiogenic shock and acute heart failure) was also significant (P= 0.001, P= 0.002, P= 0.025, P= 0.0001, respectively) Conclusion: Our study showed that admission blood glucose levels higher than 200 mg/dl is strongly predictive of adverse cardiac events. Arrhythmia Blood Glucose Heart Failure Congestive Myocardial Infarction Myocardial Infarction- Mortality Shock Cardiogenic 2013 7 01 69 77 http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-33-en.pdf
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Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences JGUMS 2383-4307 2423-4818 10.32598 2013 22 86 Accuracy of References Used in Research Articles Published By the Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences M Mardani-Kivi dr_mohsen_mardani@yahoo.com A.R Sobhani Kh Saheb-Ekhtiari K Hashemi-Motlagh E Kazemnejad Leyli Introduction: With rapidly growing literature in the medical sciences being printed internationally, as well as in Iran, the need for citing references accurately has increased in importance. Accurate documentation, not only helps the proficiency of the citing author in a certain subject, but also reveals both journal's and author’s credibility and knowledge. Objective: This study aims to assess the rate and severity of improper citation practices in articles published by The Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 9153 references in 531 articles published in 42 issues from year 2000 to 2011 have been evaluated. From each research article, three randomly selected references (1593 references) were checked for citation errors. Results: Out of 531 research articles, 102 instances (19.2%) were found not to allude to the referenced citation, and 127 articles (23.9%) were not cited in the appropriate accepted format. Overall, 959 references (60.2%) , were found to have some degree of error. After improving instructions for authors in 2005, and the creation of e-journal and electronic library in 2008, significant decrease of errors were found (both P<0.001). Additionally, as more years passed by, a significant decrease in the amount and severity of citation errors was noted (P<0.001). Conclusion: Although accuracy of writing references in The Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences improved significantly, referencing problems still exist. Utilizing the benefits modern technologies, requesting a copy of the first page of all cited references, and stressing the importance of a trustworthy bibliography, may decrease the citation errors. Guilan University of Medical Sciences Periodicals Writing 2013 7 01 78 86 http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-34-en.pdf
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Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences JGUMS 2383-4307 2423-4818 10.32598 2013 22 86 Comparison between Tamoxifen and Clomiphene Citrate in Pregnancy Rate in Infertile Women with Ovulation Dysfunction ziba Zahiri Sorouri M Asgharnia maryamasgharnia@yahoo.com zahra Atrkar Roushan zahra Rafiei Sorouri S.F Dalil Heirati Introduction: Ovulation disorders are one of the most important causes of infertility in women. Clomiphene citrate is used commonly in such patients for the induction of ovulation. But some of the patients are resistant to this drug or even if they have successful ovulation, they may not become pregnant. Tamoxifen is a non steroidal compound like as clomiphene, that is used for ovulation induction, while it doesn’t have undesirable effect of clomiphene on endometrium. Objective:The purpose of this study , is comparison between these two drugs for ovulation induction and pregnancy. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, 144 women with infertility were placed in two groups in Block randomization form, who were referred to clinics since March 2006 till March 2008 and were diagnosed to have only ovulatory factor infertility by different tests. (The number of patients was determined according to the pilot study). The treatment of first group was 40mg/day by Tamoxifen and of second group was clomiphene150mg/day from days3 till 7 of menstrual cycle. Then, by using transvaginal sonography in 12-16 days of cycle, they were tested for follicular growth, endometrial thickness and pattern. Finally, the patients were followed up for pregnancy and side effects related to it. Afterwards, descriptive statistics and x2 and T-Test and SPSS software statistical analysis were carried out. (P<0.05) was considered as statistically significant). Results: In each group, 72 patients were treated. The ovulation rate in group 2 was meaningfully higher than that in group 1 (P<0.05). The pregnancy rate in the patients who had ovulation in both groups was similar. But pregnancy rate in patients who received clomiphene citrate was higher. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of endometrial thickness, pattern and the side effect of treatment. The patients’ conditions in 2 groups were similar in terms of BMI, age, the duration of infertility and ovarian volume. Conclusion: The results of this study show that using TMX as the first treatment for ovulation induction is not effective and suitable. Clomiphene Infertility Ovulation Tamoxiphen 2013 7 01 87 93 http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-35-en.pdf
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Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences JGUMS 2383-4307 2423-4818 10.32598 2013 22 86 Anophthalmia: A Case Report abbassoleymani@yahoo.co.uk Introduction: Anophthalmia and microphthamia are extremely rare conditions defined as the congenital absence or when one or both eyes are abnormally small in orbit, which are associated with systemic anomalies in more than 50% cases and with different environmental and cromozomal causes. Diagnosis of anophthamia and microphthalmia is possible by sonography CTscan , MRI and amniotic cytologic investigation before delivery. The ideal treatment should begin immediately after delivery. Due to being an extremely rare (1-30 per 100,000 Born) and terrible disease, this case has been presented . Case history: The patient is a male newborn with C/S because of breech situation, with small lid fissure and absence of globe in the orbit upon different examinations and investigations. Another anomaly in this case is the long fingers in hands and four fingers in the feet with syndactyly. There is no globe in A, B scan sonography and MRI of orbit. TORCH test was negative and there were no environmental risk factors. But his parents are family relatives. Conclusion: Risk factors have not been detected in this case, it seems genetic and /or mutation plays a significant role. Diagnosis is possible by imaging and genetic investigation during pregnancy, so they are highly recommended Anophthalmos Orbit 2013 7 01 94 99 http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-36-en.pdf