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Research code: 4330
Ethics code: IR.GUMS.REC.1401.350 –1401.06.30
Etiology and Clinical - Laboratory Profile in Pediatric Serum Sickness/ serum sickness like reaction
Taher Cheraghi1 
, Majid Asgharzadeh1 , Seyyedeh Azade Hoseini Nouri1 , Mohamad Aghaeizadeh zoroufi1 , Aye Miremarati *1
, Majid Asgharzadeh1 , Seyyedeh Azade Hoseini Nouri1 , Mohamad Aghaeizadeh zoroufi1 , Aye Miremarati *1
1- Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
Abstract: (135 Views)
Background:
The prevalence of iatrogenic serum sickness–like reaction (SSLR) is increasing in children. Considering the excessive use of antibiotics in Iran and the limited studies in the pediatric population, this study was conducted to investigate the epidemiology, clinical and laboratory manifestations, etiology, and clinical course of these conditions.
Objective:
To evaluate and manage serum sickness (SS) and serum sickness–like reactions (SSLR) in children.
Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on hospitalized children under 18 years of age diagnosed with SS/SSLR from 2017 to 2021 at Rasht 17 Shahrivar Hospital. Data were extracted from the hospital information system (HIS) and analyzed using SPSS statistical software.
Findings:
A total of 64 patients were included. The highest prevalence was observed in the 1–5-year age group. The most common drug exposures were cefixime, followed by co-amoxiclav. The mean interval between the initiation of antibiotic/medication and symptom onset was 10.30 ± 5.98 days. No patients demonstrated decreased complement levels, and circulating immune complexes were positive in only 13.3% of cases. All patients presented with urticaria, and none had lymphadenopathy. Joint involvement was reported in 86% of patients. Fever was noted in 56.2% of cases. Length of hospitalization was significantly associated with elevated ALT levels (P = 0.041).
Conclusion:
Recognition of common SSLR manifestations and recent drug exposure is crucial to prevent unnecessary diagnostic evaluations. Indiscriminate use of cefixime and co-amoxiclav should be avoided. ALT levels may serve as a useful indicator for estimating hospitalization duration.
The prevalence of iatrogenic serum sickness–like reaction (SSLR) is increasing in children. Considering the excessive use of antibiotics in Iran and the limited studies in the pediatric population, this study was conducted to investigate the epidemiology, clinical and laboratory manifestations, etiology, and clinical course of these conditions.
Objective:
To evaluate and manage serum sickness (SS) and serum sickness–like reactions (SSLR) in children.
Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on hospitalized children under 18 years of age diagnosed with SS/SSLR from 2017 to 2021 at Rasht 17 Shahrivar Hospital. Data were extracted from the hospital information system (HIS) and analyzed using SPSS statistical software.
Findings:
A total of 64 patients were included. The highest prevalence was observed in the 1–5-year age group. The most common drug exposures were cefixime, followed by co-amoxiclav. The mean interval between the initiation of antibiotic/medication and symptom onset was 10.30 ± 5.98 days. No patients demonstrated decreased complement levels, and circulating immune complexes were positive in only 13.3% of cases. All patients presented with urticaria, and none had lymphadenopathy. Joint involvement was reported in 86% of patients. Fever was noted in 56.2% of cases. Length of hospitalization was significantly associated with elevated ALT levels (P = 0.041).
Conclusion:
Recognition of common SSLR manifestations and recent drug exposure is crucial to prevent unnecessary diagnostic evaluations. Indiscriminate use of cefixime and co-amoxiclav should be avoided. ALT levels may serve as a useful indicator for estimating hospitalization duration.
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