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Abstract Introduction: Antifungal drugs have been successfully used in treatment of fungal infections. Recently, immunomodulatory effects of some of these agents have been reported. Base on immune system role in the treatment of various infection, alteration in cytokine pattern would be influenced the immune responsiveness. Objective: Study the expression and secretion of the inflammatory cytokines in human keratinocyte. Materials and Methods: In this invitro study,cultured keratinocytes were treated with different concentrations of Fluconazole, Ketoconazole and Griseofulvin. The level of IL-1 and TNF-α by keratinocytes in cultured supernatant were measured by Quantitative Enzyme Immunoassay technique and their expression were evaluated by using real time PCR. Data was analysed with one way ANOVA test(Varyance). Results: Treatment of keratinocytes with different concentrations of Fluconazole (3.3,10,30 µ/ml) and low concentration of ketoconazole caused to decrease of IL-1 secretion (P<0.001), but Griseofulvin did not show this effect at the same concentrations. In addition, the examined drugs had no effect on TNF-α secretion. Quantitative analysis of IL-1 encoding genes revealed that transcription on these genes might be suppressed following treatment with Fluconazole or ketoconazole. Conclusion: Antifungal azoles might be modulated cytokines expression and secretion as well as affect the direction of immune response induced by keratinocytes.

Keywords: Antifungal Agents, Cytokines, Inflammation

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