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Abstract Introduction: Majority of death and disabilities in mothers was occurred during parturition. Many women were hospitalized during sixty days after delivery. Which it has significant statistical correlation with type of delivery. Objective: The aim of this research is study of the relation between type of delivery and cause of hospitalization women during post partum period in ALI-Ebne-Abi-Taleb and Ghods hospitals. Materials and Methods: This is an analytical descriptive study data was collected from 444 files of women who had hospitalized during first 42 days after delivery in ALI-Ebne-Abi-Taleb and Ghods hospitals in Zahedan. Reasons of continues hospitalizing or rehospitalization were considered such as length of rupture of amnion sac and catheterization, in more than 7hours after normal delivery and more than 48 hours after cesarean. Of course some cases were excluded which were hospitalize for long time because of financial problems, delivery in evening or night and whom couldn’t leave hospital on time, also data from referred and released patients were included in this study. Results: The findings showed that 81.15 ٪ of women had normal delivery and 18.85٪had cesarean section. 64٪ of women had delivery in maternity hospital‚ 23.7% in the home 10.9% safe delivery base and 1.4٪ had been sent off from other cities. The most common cause of hospitalization was Preeclampsia, medical problems, infection, bleeding, and problems related to surgical wound in cesarean group, and in normal delivery were preeclampsia, bleeding, Placenta retention and infection respectively. Mortality rate was 2% in the women with normal delivery and 0.06% in C/S on discharging time. 15.5% of cesarean group and 2% of normal delivery group were transferred to I.C.U. There was a significant statistical relationship between type of delivery and duration of hospitalization (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Because of in cesarean group there was hospitalization in ICU, length of its, infection and mortality rate more than delivery group, therefore researcher advised to encourage mothers to have normal delivery, to continue family planning programs for preventing high gravidity, to carry out pregnancy cares to early diagnosis of medical problems and referring them to practitioners, to have delivery in safe delivery base in suburbs, and to Follow up women in the postpartum period.

Keywords: Cesarean Section, Hospitalization, Inpatients, Natural Child birth, Puerperium

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