Abstract Introduction: Today, cancer of the cervix has been considered a preventable cancer due to its long pre- invasive state, availability of cervical cytology screening programs, and effectiveness of the treatment of preinvasive lesions. Due to slow progression of cervical cancer lesions, Pap smear is an efficient procedure for cancer detection and decreases mortality. Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the quality of Papsmear before and after cervical cleaning in females referred to Alzahra Hospital. Materials and Methods: This is a before – after clinical trial. Subjects were sampled by nonprobability convenience method. Inclusion criteria were absence of vaginal bleeding, infection, pregnancy, coitus and vaginal douching during past 48 hrs. After obtaining informed consent, two cytologic smears were taken by cytobrush (Cervex-Brush) before and after cervical cleaning by sterile cotton. Both smears were fixed, Coded and send to a special laboratory immediately. They were taken by a resident and were reported by a pathologist. After data collection analysis carried out with 2 , 2 Mantel Hanszell, statistical software SPSS.10 was used. Results: In this study, 152 patients had met inclusion criteria .The mean age of women was 39.611.2yrs (range 17-65 yr). Before cleaning, there were 39(25.7%) satisfactory versus 101 (66.4%) after cleaning (P<0.0001). There were 22 (14.5%) unsatisfactory smears before cleaning versus 10 (6.6%) after it (P=0.0025). Before cleaning 15 (9.9%) of smears were poor cellular although 4 (2.6%) of smears was poor cellular after procedure (P= 0.009). Before cleaning, we had 1 (0.7%) smear with epithelial abnormality, which were increased by 7 (4.6%) after (5 ASCUS-1 AGUS-1 CIN-I) (P=0.032). Conclusion: Pap smear sampling after cervical cleaning increases the quality of smear and is recommended. Due to similar standard results in other sites of the world, we advocate this procedure for accuracy improvement.

Keywords: Cervix Mucus, Cervix Neoplasms, Cervix Uter, Vaginal Smears

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