Abstract Introduction: Infertility is defined as 1 year of unprotected intercourse without conception and affects 10-15% of couples. Pregnancy in this population is believed to be associated with increased obstetric and neonatal risks Objective: Pregnancy in this population is believed to be associated with increased obstetric and neonatal risks, so we compared these complications in pregnancies after ovulation induced by drugs with spontaneous pregnancy. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional study and was done during 2 years (2011-2012). Study population consisted of 552 pregnant women without infertility treatment, and 232 patients with infertility treatment, (ovulation induction). Maternal demographic data (duration of infertility, type of ovulatory drug,…), complication of pregnancy (cesarean section, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia,…), also neonatal outcomes (1 and 5 minutes apgar score, admission in neonatal intensive care unit[NICU], low birth weight,…) were collected. Results: There was a significant difference between two groups in terms of duration of marriage, gestational age and history of abortion. There were no differences between spontaneous and stimulated pregnancy with regard to preeclampsia, abruptio placenta, preterm birth, placenta previa, Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), neonatal death, intrauterine fetal death (IUGR), low birth weight (LBW), congenital malformation [neaural tube defect (NTD), hypospadias, alimentary tract atresia], admission in NICU, but there were significant differences between two groups regarding one and five minutes Apgar score(P=0.01), (P=0.01), mean neonatal weight (P=0.0001) and head circumference (P=0.01). Conclusion: Based on this study findings, we can conclude that pregnancies achieved by ovarian stimulation may be at higher risk for low birth weight, decreased head circumference and 1 and 5 minutes Apgar score, so close surveillance during pregnancy should be considered.

Keywords: Infant- Newborn, infertility, Mothers, Natural Childbirth, Ovulation Induction, Pregnancy Complications

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