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1- Department of Eye, Amiralmomenin Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
2- Department of Eye, Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. , eazaripour@yahoo.com
2- Department of Eye, Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. , eazaripour@yahoo.com
Abstract: (390 Views)
Background: Glaucoma is leading cause of irreversible blindness in the worldwide. Because it may be asymptomatic until a relatively late stage, diagnosis is frequently delayed and early diagnosis and treatment is very important.
Objective: In this article, we show the pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical presentation and diagnostic and treatment approach.
Method: This review is based on a literature search in Medline and the Cochrane Library, PubMed and manuscript references for studies, published in between 2000 and 2023.
Results: Glaucoma is a progressive neuropathy of the optic nerve. The most common form of glaucoma in European countries is primary open-angle glaucoma and the most important risk factors for its development are positive family history and old age. The most common form of glaucoma in Asian countries is primary angle-closure glaucoma. Its risk factors are Asian race, positive family history, and female gender. In most cases, the disease has no clinical symptoms until the end stages. Treatment methods include drug therapy, Laser and surgery.
Conclusion: This disease is asymptomatic until the final stages. Familiarity with the causes, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment methods of the disease, especially in people with a positive family history, and their timely referral to ophthalmologists are very important in preventing blindness caused by glaucoma.
Objective: In this article, we show the pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical presentation and diagnostic and treatment approach.
Method: This review is based on a literature search in Medline and the Cochrane Library, PubMed and manuscript references for studies, published in between 2000 and 2023.
Results: Glaucoma is a progressive neuropathy of the optic nerve. The most common form of glaucoma in European countries is primary open-angle glaucoma and the most important risk factors for its development are positive family history and old age. The most common form of glaucoma in Asian countries is primary angle-closure glaucoma. Its risk factors are Asian race, positive family history, and female gender. In most cases, the disease has no clinical symptoms until the end stages. Treatment methods include drug therapy, Laser and surgery.
Conclusion: This disease is asymptomatic until the final stages. Familiarity with the causes, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment methods of the disease, especially in people with a positive family history, and their timely referral to ophthalmologists are very important in preventing blindness caused by glaucoma.
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