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Aghajankhah M R, Ehteshami M, Kazemnezhad Leyli E, Moladoust H, Ghasemzadeh G. Investigating the Association of Congenital and Non-congenital Cardiovascular Diseases With Atrial Septal Aneurysm Using Transthoracic Echocardiography. JGUMS 2025; 34 (3) :236-247
URL: http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-2744-en.html

Background Nowadays, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have become one of the most serious health-related problems in the world. Abnormalities of the inter-atrial septum, including atrial septal aneurysm (ASA), atrial septal defect, and patent foramen ovale (PFO), are common congenital diseases among adults. Non-congenital CVDs, including ischemic heart disease, arrhythmias, and aortic valve stenosis, are also common in adults. 
Objective This study aimed to determine the association of congenital and non-congenital CVDs with ASA.
Methods In this study, participants were 250 patients referred to Dr. Heshmat Heart Hospital in Guilan, north of Iran, divided into two groups with and without ASA. They were examined using transthoracic echocardiography. Abnormalities of the inter-atrial septum as well as the history of congenital and non-congenital CVDs were determined, and the data were analyzed using the chi-Square test, Fisher’s exact test, and logistic regression analysis.
Results In patients with and without ASA, 20% (95% Ci; 10.8%, 32.6%) and 6% (95% CI; 3.3%, 9.9%) had congenital CVDs, respectively, and the difference was significant (P=0.004). Regarding non-congenital CVDs, the rates were 28% (95% CI; 17.0%, 41.4%) and 17.5% (95% CI; 12.7%, 23.2%), respectively, but the difference was not significant  (P=0.094). Based on the logistic regression model, the odds ratios (ORs) for the history of stroke, transient ischemic attack, congenital CVDs, and non-congenital CVDs were 32.2 (P=0.002), 6.3 (P=0.031), 5.5 (P<0.001), and 2.4 (P=0.029), respectively. They were the significant predictors of ASA.
Conclusion In addition to the history of stroke and transient ischemic attack, ASA is significantly associated with congenital and non-congenital CVDs.