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Gholampour S, evazalipour M, yousefbeyk F, Zamani E. Evaluation of the effect of methanolic extract of Salvia spinosa L. aerial parts in preventing H2O2-induced cellular senescence in mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (NIH/3T3). JGUMS 2025; 34 (4) :346-359
URL: http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-2764-en.html

Background Stress-induced premature senescence, one of the main factors causing aging, is an irreversible process of cell proliferation that occurs in response to stressors. Studies have shown that H2O2 causes oxidative stress-induced cellular senescence. Salvia spinosa L. is known as a natural antioxidant due to phenolic and terpene compounds.
Objective This study evaluated the protective effect of the methanolic extract of S. Spinosa L. aerial parts, as an antioxidant source, on H2O2-induced cellular senescence in mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (NIH/3T3).
Methods Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring the levels of malondialdehyde, glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase. The qualitative β-galactosidase staining method was used to assess the senescence process.
Results H2O2-induced oxidative stress caused a significant increase in lipid peroxidation (P<0.05) and a significant decrease in glutathione (P<0.01), catalase (P<0.05), and superoxide dismutase (P<0.05) levels. The extract significantly reduced lipid peroxidation (P<0.01) and significantly increased superoxide dismutase level (P<0.05) in the H2O2-treated group. However, the levels of glutathione and catalase did not increase significantly in the group treated with extract and H2O2 compared to the H2O2 group. The β-galactosidase activity increased in the H2O2 group. The use of extract reduced the activity of the β -galactosidase compared to the H2O2 group.
Conclusion This study demonstrated that S. Spinosa L. extract, as an antioxidant, can have protective effects in preventing oxidative stress-induced senescence.