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Abstract Introduction: Smoking is proven to be a factor in development of osteoporosis and its related fractures and al so its role in delaying bone ::union:: in spinal fusion has been cited. In attention to popularity of smoking in patients with limb fracture in Guilan province, we studied the relation between smoking and bone healing time. Objectives: The aim was to study the effect of smoking on clinical and radiological ::union:: in closed and Type I Open fracture. Materials and Methods: From 195 consecutive tibia fractures in 190 patients, 146 patients of Poorsina hospital with closed or open type I fractures have been studied in a 4 years period. 76 of them were non-smoker and 70 patients were smoker. From these patients, 44 (58%) non-smokers and 59(84%) smokers were followed until complete ::union:: or up to one year. ::union:: has been confirmed clinically and radiologically. Results: Statistical differences in clinical and radiological healing rates between those who smoked and those who didn’t smoke were observed in patients receiving intramedullary fixation or external fixation. Statistical differences were not seen in the clinical and radiographic healing of tibias treated with cast immobilization. Conclusion: This study revealed that smoking dramatically delay the tibia fracture ::union::, especially when the surgical treatment has been used.

Keywords: Fracture Healing, Smoking, Tibial Fracture

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