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Abstracts Introduction: Asthma is one of the most common chronic conditions in children. Objective: The present study was based on target population. After the study of prevalence, determination of asthma was matched by case- control method to identify correlates in primary school children aged 6-12 years in Shiraz (Southern Iran). Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in 2228 primary school children. The children were selected using two-stage random sampling from the four educational districts of Shiraz. A screening questionnaire was completed for each child. The consultant physician examined the children with positive result. After diagnosis of asthma, control group was selected by using matching method (age-sex-school). Conditional Logestic Regression determined the correlates of asthma. Results: The most important results were as follows: Prevalence of diagnosed asthma in primary school children estimated as %102 (boys: 1.19% – girls: 1.13%) with no significant difference. There was no significant association between asthma and birth order, social class, parent’s education, mother’s occupation and duration of breast-feeding. An increased risk of childhood asthma was associated with familiar history of allergic rhinitis (P<0.04), familial history of asthma (P< 0.01), history of allergy in children, (P<0.007) and exposure to smoking ( P<0.016). Conclusion: Our study confirmed that familial atopic diseases and exposure to smoking were significant predictors of childhood asthma in Shiraz children.

Keywords: Asthma, Child, Prevalence

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